The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) transformed Europe and reshaped the balance of power across the world. Led by Napoleon Bonaparte, France fought successive coalitions involving Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia, Spain, Portugal, Sweden, and other European powers. The period includes some of history’s most famous battles, including Austerlitz, Jena, Eylau, Wagram, Borodino, Leipzig, and Waterloo. Beyond battlefield victories and defeats, the wars involved shifting alliances, economic warfare, naval competition, revolutionary politics, and the spread of French influence throughout Europe. Napoleon’s campaigns stretched from the Iberian Peninsula to Egypt, Central Europe, and Russia, placing enormous demands on armies and societies. The Peninsular War, the disastrous invasion of Russia in 1812, and the Hundred Days ultimately contributed to the collapse of Napoleon’s empire. The Napoleonic era ended with the Congress of Vienna, which sought to establish a new European political order and prevent another continent-wide conflict for many decades to come across Europe again.
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Orders of battle, uniforms, biographies, campaigns, articles and book reviews
https://www.napoleon-series.orgMemoirs, modern histories, museums, archives, maps and podcasts
https://www.napoleonicarchive.com/Animated Charles Joseph Minard's Map of 1812 Campaign
https://1812.tass.ru/en